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Welding Glossary E

Term	Definition
Eddy current inspection	An inspection process where changes in the flow of an induced eddy current, visible on an oscilloscope, indicate the location of a crack or other weld defect.
Edge joint	A welded joint connecting the edges of two or more parallel or nearly parallel parts.
Edge preparation	The shaping of the edges of the joint prior to welding.
Edge weld	A weld produced on an edge joint.
Effective throat	The minimum distance, minus any convexity, from the weld face to the root of the weld.
Elbow	One of several axes on a typical robot.
Electric motor-driven carriage	A type of automatic cutting machine.
Electrode	A substance which brings electricity up to the point where the arc is to be formed.In many electric arc welding processes the electrode is melted and becomes part of the weld.
Electrode covering	Flux materials combined into a thick clay-like mixture and then applied to the electrode wire in a very exact thickness.
Electrode drying oven	Equipment in which to keep SMAW electrodes under ideal conditions to avoid moisture absorption or other possible contamination.
Electrode extension	The distance that the electrode extends beyond the MIG contact tip (GMAW) or TIG (GTAW) gas cup.
Electrode holder	A hand held device in which an electrode is held for SMAW welding.
Electrode identification system	A system of identification numbers for all welding electrodes developed by the American Welding Society.
Electrode lead	The electrical conductor between the welding machine and the electrode holder or torch.Also called the welding cable.
Electrode Taper	The angle ground on a tungsten electrode for specific weld applications.This angle is typically measured as an included angle.Proper shape of the electrode is especially important in TIG (GTAW) welding.
Electrode tip diameter	The dimension that determines the size of the spot weld in resistance spot welding.
Electrogas welding	(EGW) A welding process that uses one or more torches (GMA or FCA) with a shielding gas and a set of water-cooled shoes that move up the joint to contain the molten weld metal as the weld progresses.
Electron	A fundamental part of an atom.It carries a small negative electrical charge.
Electron beam cutting	A cutting process in which a focused stream of electrons is used to cut metals.
Electronic pattern tracer	An electronic eye device used to follow a pattern of a part to be cut.The electronic eye usually follows a black-on-white pattern and may be used to direct one or more cutting torches.
Electroslag welding	(ESW) A welding process in which one or more arcs are established between continuously fed metal electrodes and the base metal.As the weld progresses vertically, moving water-cooled shoes contain the molten metal, flux and slag.
Element	A chemical substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical action.
Elongation	The percentage increase in a specimens length when that specimen is stressed to its yield strength.The total amount of stretching of a metal specimen, produced in a tensile test.
Erosion	Reducing the size of, or wearing away of, an object due to liquid or gas impact.
Expansion	Increase in one or more of the dimensions of a body, caused usually by a rise in temperature.
Explosion welding	(EXW) A solid state welding process wherein coalescence is effected by a high velocity movement produced by a controlled detonation.